Biodegradable Polymers for Bone Tissue Engineering
نویسندگان
چکیده
The destruction of bone tissue due to disease (osteonecrosis, tumors, osteoporosis) or inefficient healing posttraumatic injury is a problem affecting the world population. The repair of small defect may be mediated by the osteoblast and osteoclast activity which ensures a balanced control of bone resorption and formation, allowing the bone repair, renewal, and growth. However, when the defect reaches a crucial size, it is necessary to appeal to the promising field of tissue engineering in order to develop a new methodology of bone regeneration. Tissue engineering was defined as “an interdisciplinary field of research that applies the principles of engineering and the life sciences towards the development of biological substitutes that restore, maintain or improve tissue function” (Langer and Vacanti 1993). This strategy has been exponentially developed in the last years and currently constitutes an expansive field of research. Tissue engineering is based on three fundamental pillars, as can be represented in Fig. 1. Porous 3D scaffolds, made of adequate biomaterial, act as a template for tissue formation and have the capacity to support cell adhesion and proliferation induced by growth factors, together promoting tissue regeneration. Scaffolds used for tissue engineering not only provide a temporary threedimensional support during tissue repair but also regulate the cell behavior, such as cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation (Guo et al. 2015). Thus, this threedimensional matrix mimics the extracellular matrix, providing structural and mechanical integrity to tissue while communicating with the cellular components it supports to help facilitate and regulate daily cellular processes and wound healing.
منابع مشابه
Current Concepts in Scaffolding for Bone Tissue Engineering
Bone disorders are of significant worry due to their increased prevalence in the median age. Scaffold-based bonetissue engineering holds great promise for the future of osseous defects therapies. Porous composite materials andfunctional coatings for metallic implants have been introduced in next generation of orthopedic medicine for tissueengineering. While osteoconductive materials such as hyd...
متن کاملFabrication of Poly(ε-Caprolactone), Hydrophilic and β-Tricalcium Phosphate Layer- by -Layer Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering
In this study, using biodegradable polymers, nanofiberouse scaffolds were fabricated from the layer-by-layer electrospinning method, including two layer that poly (ε-caprolactone), polyvinylpyrrolidone deposited at first layer and poly (ε-caprolactone), polyvinyl alcohol , β-tricalcium phosphate at latter. After prepration of scaffolds, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), swelling, porosity, me...
متن کاملScaffolds based bone tissue engineering: the role of chitosan.
As life expectancy increases, malfunction or loss of tissue caused by injury or disease leads to reduced quality of life in many patients at significant socioeconomic cost. Even though major progress has been made in the field of bone tissue engineering, present therapies, such as bone grafts, still have limitations. Current research on biodegradable polymers is emerging, combining these struct...
متن کاملComposite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering
Biomaterial and scaffold development underpins the advancement of tissue engineering. Traditional scaffolds based on biodegradable polymers such as poly(lactic acid) and poly(lactic acidco-glycolic acid) are weak and non-osteoconductive. For bone tissue engineering, polymer-based composite scaffolds containing bioceramics such as hydroxyapatite can be produced and used. The bioceramics can be e...
متن کاملIn vitro analysis of biodegradable polymer blend/hydroxyapatite composites for bone tissue engineering.
Blends of biodegradable polymers, poly(caprolactone) and poly(D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid), have been examined as scaffolds for applications in bone tissue engineering. Hydroxyapatite granules have been incorporated into the blends and porous discs were prepared. Mechanical properties and degradation rates in vitro of the composites were determined. The discs were seeded with rabbit bone marro...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2017